Disease-information
COVID-19
may elevate the risk of hyperglycemia and other complications in patients with
and without prior diabetes history. Individuals
with preexisting diabetes show higher incidence of COVID-19 illness and poorer
prognosis upon infection. Likewise, an increased frequency of diabetes onset
and diabetes complications has been reported in patie...
Dyspepsia is defined as having one
or more symptoms of epigastric pain, burning, postprandial fullness, or early
satiation. Bloating and nausea often coexist
with dyspepsia but are nonspecific and are thus not included in its definition.
Heartburn is also excluded from diagnostic symptom criteria for dyspepsia since
it is thought to primarily...
Cefuroxime is a 2nd generation cephalosporin group of broad-spectrum β-lactam
antibiotic.Clavulanic acid is a
beta lactamase inhibitor used to enhance the effectiveness of beta lactam
antibiotics.Cefuroxime and Clavulanic Acid: A
combination of cefuroxime and ß -lactamase inhibitor (Clavulanic acid) for the
treatment of various bacterial infec...
Calcium and vitamin D supplements
needs for prevention of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. There is
evidence of significant benefit in people at risk of deficiency.For individuals who cannot get
enough calcium through their diets, supplements may be beneficial. These should
be limited to 500-600 mg per day and it is generally recommende...
Physical Examination
Causes of chest pain are numerous; the initial evaluation
should focus on those that are life-threatening, such as ACS, PE, aortic
dissection, and esophageal rupture, to facilitate rapid implementation of
appropriate treatment. Specific clues can be helpful. Chest tenderness on
palpation or pain with inspiration markedly...
Diabetes, a silent killer, is a
leading cause of neuropathy. Around 50% of diabetic patients develop peripheral
neuropathy in 25 years. Painful diabetic neuropathy manifests as burning,
excruciating, stabbing or intractable type of pain or presents with tingling or
numbness. The pathophysiology of this
condition is due to primarily metabolic a...
Diabetes, a silent killer, is a
leading cause of neuropathy. Around 50% of diabetic patients develop peripheral
neuropathy in 25 years. Painful diabetic neuropathy manifests as burning,
excruciating, stabbing or intractable type of pain or presents with tingling or
numbness. The pathophysiology of this
condition is due to primarily metabolic a...
TAKE-HOME MESSAGE
The authors of
this systematic review compared tonsillectomy and watchful waiting for the
management of recurrent throat infection in children. Compared with
children managed with watchful waiting, children who underwent surgery had
fewer throat infections, healthcare utilizations, and school absences in...
Reflux disease is a chronic and
progressive condition. Treatment options depend on the disease stage. The
disease stage is determined by the severity of reflux into the esophagus. This
in turns depends on how frequent and how long are the reflux episodes. GERD is also associated with a
spectrum of symptoms that ranges from mild heartburn to sev...
Fig: PharyngotonsillitisTAKE-HOME MESSAGE
It is important to optimize existing antibiotics in
view of increasing antimicrobial resistance and paucity of new drugs in
this class. One of the most common infections treated by primary care
physicians is pharyngotonsillitis, and it is associated with a significant
proportion of...
The American Academy of
Pediatrics (AAP) and the American Academy of Family Practice
(AAFP) published updated guidelines for the diagnosis and medical
management of AOM. Otitis media (OM) is any inflammation
of the middle ear. Otitis media is among the most common issues faced by
physicians caring for children. Approximately 80% of children w...
Obesity is now recognised as a
disease that is associated with serious morbidity and increased mortality. One
of its main metabolic complications is type 2 diabetes, as the two conditions
share key pathophysiological mechanisms. Weight loss is known to reverse the
underlying metabolic abnormalities of type 2 diabetes and, as such, improve
gluc...
