Gynecology-obstetrics-disorders
APPROACH CONSIDERATIONS
The goal of treatment is to provide
adequate relief of pain. At a minimum, pain relief should be sufficient to
allow women to perform most, if not all, of their usual activities and to
reduce the productivity loss commonly associated with dysmenorrhea.
Treatment of primary dysmenorrhea
can be initiated empiric...
The American College of
Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) has provided recommendations for the
treatment of vasomotor and vaginal symptoms related to menopause.Vasomotor and vaginal symptoms
are cardinal symptoms of menopause. Vasomotor symptoms can be particularly
troubling to women and are the most commonly reported menopausal symptoms.M...
International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology: Published 2021Abnormal uterine bleeding is defined
as any type of bleeding that is abnormal in volume, frequency, duration and
periodicity. Frequent complaints include heavy and prolonged menstrual
bleeding with or without pain, passage of clots, fatigue and lethargy. AUB is...
JAMA Psychiatry: August, 2022The postpartum period is critical
for mothers, children, and families, and approximately 10% to 15% of new
mothers experience postpartum depression (PPD), one of the most common
complications related to childbirth.PPD ranges from mild to severe
episodes and includes similar symptoms as major depression outside...
American Journal of
Obstetrics & Gynecology:The levonorgestrel intrauterine system and combined oral
contraceptives are the two most commonly used non-surgical treatments for heavy
menstrual bleeding. However, there are limited data on their relative
effectiveness and on their impact on bleeding-specific quality of life.To compare the effec...
Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders: Published:
August 2021Endometriosis is a chronic disease
characterized by the presence of endometrium-like tissue outside the uterine
cavity, affecting women of reproductive age with pelvic pain and infertility deeply
affecting women’s health. The most common symptoms of
endometriosis are menstruat...
American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology: Published: April,
2023Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy
(HDPs) are major causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and are associated with
future maternal risk of cardiovascular disease.Most existing data on hypertensive
disorders of pregnancy and short-term cardiovascular disease risks are limited
t...
The British
Medical Journal (BMJ): Published June 2023About 45% of all womenTrusted
Source globally use menopausal hormone therapyTrusted Source — also known as
hormone replacement therapy (HRT) — to help alleviate the symptoms of
menopause.The study aims to assess the
association between use of menopausal hormone therapy and development of
d...
Obstetrics and Gynecology Journal: Published on October 2021Endometriosis affects 6–10% of reproductive-aged women and is
associated with significant morbidity.Clinical manifestations are broad and can include
dysmenorrhea, nonmenstrual pelvic pain, dyspareunia, dyschezia, and
infertility. The wide range of presentations hinder the ability...
Pain is
defined by the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) as ‘an
unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that
associated with, actual or potential tissue damage’.Most pain
is short-lived, resolving when the painful stimulus is removed or when tissue
healing has occurred: this is called acu...
Puberty menorrhagia is defined as excessive bleeding in amount (>80ml)
or in duration
(>7days) between menarche and
19 years of
age.The most common cause of puberty menorrhagia
is anovulatory cycles. Other causes include infection, bleeding disorders, and endoc...
Human Reproduction Update Journal: Published on February, 2019Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is
defined as an elevated serum thyrotropin (TSH) level with normal serum
thyroxine (T4) level and affects 3–8% of women of childbearing age. International guidelines advocate
the use of population-based reference ranges of TSH during pregnancy; h...
