Disease-information

BP Lowering and Risk of New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes
The Lancet: TAKE-HOME MESSAGE It is well-established that blood pressure control is an important strategy in reducing cardiovascular events among people with diabetes. This data analysis that included studies comprised of over 145,000 participants finds that a reduction of 5 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure was associated with an...
End Organ Damage in Hypertension
In accordance with most major guidelines it is recommended that hypertension be diagnosed when a person’s systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the office or clinic is ≥140 mm Hg and/or their diastolic blood pressure (DBP) is ≥90 mm Hg following repeated examination.Hypertension is the leading risk factor for morbidity and mortality throughout the...
Triple Combo BP Medicine Can Lower Blood Pressure More Than Usual Care with No Increase in Adverse Effects
High blood pressure is the leading cause of mortality and cardiovascular disease globally, and most of the disease burden occurs in low- and middle-income countries. Recent guidelines recommend lower blood pressure targets among high-risk patients, increasing the need for more effective treatment strategies.Treatment with a pill combining low...
Underutilization of Peptic Ulcer Disease Prophylaxis among Elderly Users of Antiplatelets and Anticoagulants
TAKE-HOME MESSAGE The authors investigated physician adherence with recommending peptic ulcer disease (PUD) prophylaxis for elderly patients who were receiving dual antiplatelet therapy or anticoagulation or who were at risk of bleeding PUD, as per expert consensus guidelines from the American College of Gastroenterol...
Eosinophilic Esophagitis: A Review
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease of the esophagus. Symptoms of EoE includes vomiting, dysphagia, or feeding difficulties. Genetic factors and environmental factors, such as exposure to antibiotics early in life, are associated with EoE.TAKE-HOME MESSAGE EoE affects approximately 34.4/100,000 peo...
Peptic Ulcer Disease: An Overview
Peptic ulcer disease is often defined as a mucosal break greater than 3-5 mm in the stomach or duodenum with a visible depth. It is therefore an endoscopic diagnosis in contrast to dyspepsia, which is a clinical diagnosis based on symptoms alone. Peptic ulcer disease results from an imbalance between factors that protect the mucosa of the stoma...
What is the difference between Antacids and Alginates?
Antacids neutralize gastric acid and are, broadly used in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in adults. They are utilized for more than 2,000 years, though evidence of the effectiveness and safety is limited in infants [1]. Antacids have an effect on the short-term relief of heartburn and the healing of esophagitis. Charac...
Treatment of Community-Acquired Pneumonia during the COVID-19 Pandemic
The rapidly escalating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has focused attention on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with acute respiratory infection in an unprecedented manner. Although most of the lung injury patients have is believed to be caused by the virus, concern over bacterial co-infection also informs current treatmen...
Hormone Replacement Therapy Relieves Oral Dryness Symptoms in Postmenopausal Women
TAKE-HOME MESSAGE A case–control study examined the role of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal women, including 30 women on HRT and 30 controls, in terms of salivary estrogen and mouth dryness symptoms.   After 6 months, HRT appeared to restore levels of salivary estrogen as well as reduce mouth dr...
Hormone Replacement Therapy Relieves Oral Dryness Symptoms in Postmenopausal Women
TAKE-HOME MESSAGE A case–control study examined the role of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal women, including 30 women on HRT and 30 controls, in terms of salivary estrogen and mouth dryness symptoms.   After 6 months, HRT appeared to restore levels of salivary estrogen as well as reduce mouth dr...
Concurrent sodium valproate-magnesium therapy in the prevention of migraine headaches
Migraine as a primary headache disorder with substantial pain is included in the 20 most disabling diseases according to the World Health Organization.Lifestyle management, acute treatment, and preventive treatment are three approaches to treat migraine. Prophylactic therapy for migraine is recommended in patients with four or more attacks per...
ACG Clinical Guideline: Upper Gastrointestinal and Ulcer Bleeding
Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is the most common GI diagnosis necessitating. Upper GI bleeding (UGIB) refers to bleeding originating from sites in the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum.AbstractThe American Journal of Gastroenterology society performed systematic reviews addressing predefined clinical questions to develop recommendations with the...