Endocrine-disorders
Diabetes Care: May, 2023Type 2 diabetes is associated with
increased risk of microvascular and macrovascular disease, with the risk of
cardiovascular (CV) mortality more than double in people with type 2 diabetes
compared with those without. In the last decade, large dedicated
CV outcome trials in people with type 2 diabetes and at high risk or...
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice: November
21, 2022The relationship between serum uric
acid levels and incident type 2 diabetes remains controversial.This cohort study assessed the
association between serum uric acid levels and the incidence of type 2 diabetes
in a Japanese population. TAKE-HOME MESSAGEThere was no significant
associati...
ADA: Diabetes Journals: Published June 2023Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most important causes of
CKD. Moreover, both DM and CKD are important risk factors for cardiovascular
disease (CVD). Metformin is still the first-line drug for DM management. The
concern, of course, is an increased risk of metformin-associated lactic
acidosis (MALA)...
Thyroid disease can be broadly
categorised as thyroid dysfunction (hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism) and
structural disease (goitre, nodules and cancer). Management is often
straightforward, but there are pitfalls that may lead to misdiagnosis,
overdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. This article reviews the approach to
common thyroid proble...
Hypothyroidism is a common
endocrine disorder resulting from deficiency of thyroid hormone. Iodine
deficiency remains the most common cause of hypothyroidism worldwide.The most common symptoms in adults
are fatigue, lethargy, cold intolerance, weight gain, constipation, depression,
change in voice, and dry skin, but clinical presentation can di...
JAMA Internal Medicine: Published on May, 2023Diabetic kidney disease is the leading cause of chronic
kidney disease and end-stage kidney failure in the vast majority of the
world. TAKE-HOME MESSAGEThis randomized clinical trial evaluated the use of
glucose-lowering medications on kidney outcomes. A total of 5047 patients with type 2 diabet...
AACE Endocrine Practice Journal: Published
on May, 2022Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
(NAFLD) is part of a multisystemic disease and is closely associated with
obesity, insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), hypertension,
and atherogenic dyslipidemia. The definition of NAFLD is based on
the presence of hepatic steatosis in...
NICE GUIDANCE:Indications for tests for thyroid
dysfunctionConsider tests for thyroid
dysfunction for adults, children and young people if there is a
clinical suspicion of thyroid disease, but bear in mind that 1 symptom alone
may not be indicative of thyroid disease.Offer tests for thyroid dysfunction
to adults, children and young people with...
Human Reproduction Update Journal: Published on February, 2019Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is
defined as an elevated serum thyrotropin (TSH) level with normal serum
thyroxine (T4) level and affects 3–8% of women of childbearing age. International guidelines advocate
the use of population-based reference ranges of TSH during pregnancy; h...
Social Science Research Network (SSRN) Elsevier
Journal: Published on April, 2023Dysfunctional
uterine bleeding (DUB) is defined as bleeding from the uterine corpus that is
abnormal in regularity, volume, frequency, or duration and occurs in the
absence of pregnancy. Dysfunctional
Uterine Bleeding (DUB) is defined as abnormal uterine...
Frontiers in Endocrinology: Published on March 2021Hypothyroidism is a common
condition caused by thyroid hormone deficiency. The prevalence of hypothyroidism
increases with age and subclinical hypothyroidism affects up to 15% of adults
65 years of age or older.Levothyroxine (L-T4) treatment of
overt hypothyroidism can be more challenging...
CHRISMED Journal of Health and Research: Published
on 2019Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
(DUB) is excessive uterine bleeding which is not attributed to pregnancy or any
detectable uterine or systemic pathology. Patients suffering from DUB
commonly complain about heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), irregular bleeding,
spotting between periods, or s...
