Gynecology-obstetrics-disorders

Perinatal Complications and SARS-CoV-2 Infection during Pregnancy
JAMA Internal Medicine: Key Points Question What is the risk of perinatal complications associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and what factors are associated with hospitalizations? Findings In this cohort study of 43 886 pregnant individuals, SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy was associated with an increased ris...
Short versus Long-Term Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Cesarean Section
Cesareans delivery is the most common risk factor for postpartum maternal infections, which occurs at a rate of 18%–38%. Factors that have been associated with an increased risk of infection among women who have a cesarean delivery include emergency cesarean section, labor and its duration, ruptured membranes and the duration of rupture, t...
The safety of Amoxicillin and Clavulanic acid use during the first trimester of Pregnancy
The British Pharmacological Society Journal: Published: 05 September 2019 Penicillin’s are widely used during pregnancy for various bacterial infectious indications. Amoxicillin, rapidly crosses the placenta following absorption to the bloodstream, It is prescribed both as a sole medicine as well as in combination with clavulanic acid mos...
Long term impact of prophylactic antibiotic use before incision VS after cord clamping on Children by caesarean section
The British Medical Journal (BMJ): Published 17 May 2022 Compared with vaginal delivery, caesarean section carries a substantially increased risk of maternal postpartum infections. This risk can be reduced by routine provision of prophylactic antibiotics. Evidence from randomized controlled trials shows that antibiotics are more effe...
Dienogest and the Risk of Endometriosis Recurrence Following Surgery
Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology: Published on December 2020 Endometriosis is a common condition affecting women of reproductive age, often presenting with pelvic pain and infertility. In addition to significantly impacting a woman’s quality of life, the treatment of endometriosis carries a considerable economic burden. TAKE...
Treatment of Menopausal Symptoms: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline
Hormone therapy is the most effective treatment for vasomotor symptoms (VMS) and other menopausal symptoms. Changing estrogen levels during menopause may impact multiple components involved in maintaining temperature homeostasis.Health care professionals should individualize therapy based on clinical factors and patient preference. They should...
Menopausal Hormone Therapy and the risk of Breast Cancer?
Studies clarify menopausal HT’s impact on breast cancer riskOne of the greatest concerns of women who are considering Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT) is the relationship between hormone use and breast cancer. Data from the The Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) suggest an increase in risk with combined estrogen-progestin therapy, but a reduction i...
The Influence of Oral Dydrogesterone and Vaginal Progesterone on Threatened Abortion
Progesterone maintains pregnancy by enhancing uterine quiescence. During early pregnancy, the syncytiotrophoblast secretes human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), which stimulates progesterone production in the corpus luteum by preventing regression of this tissue. Low serum hCG or progesterone levels may predict first trimester abortions....
Endometriosis Diagnosis and Treatment
The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM): Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrium-like tissue outside the uterus. Figure 1. Endometriosis across the Life Course. Endometriosis is primarily diagnosed through surgical visualization — ideally, laparoscopy. Treatment consists of surgical removal of lesions and hormon...
Tranexamic Acid for the Prevention of Blood Loss after Vaginal Delivery
The New England Journal of Medicine: Postpartum hemorrhage is a major cause of maternal death and severe maternal complications after childbirth. Currently, the prophylactic administration of a uterotonic agent immediately after delivery is recommended for all women as the only procedure that has been proved to reduce rates of postpartum...
The quality of life of women and morphological changes in the glands of adenomyosis under the influence of Dienogest-containing preparations
Journal of Endometriosis and Pelvic Pain Disorders: Adenomyosis is a common gynecological disease in premenopausal women and late reproductive age. The most common symptoms are progressive dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, dyspareunia, heavy menstrual bleeding, and abnormal uterine bleeding. The severity and frequency of symptoms...
Hormone Replacement Therapy Relieves Oral Dryness Symptoms in Postmenopausal Women
TAKE-HOME MESSAGE A case–control study examined the role of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal women, including 30 women on HRT and 30 controls, in terms of salivary estrogen and mouth dryness symptoms.   After 6 months, HRT appeared to restore levels of salivary estrogen as well as reduce mouth dr...